Search results for "LIFE EXPECTANCY"
showing 10 items of 179 documents
Dietary Patterns and Healthy Ageing
2021
Ageing is a complex process in which multiple factors are involved that can contribute to determine whether a person will or not be affected by diseases that are more frequently observed in advanced age. The factors involved comprise genetic, environmental, behavioural, and dietary factors, which influence pathways that regulate the ageing process and the life expectancy, rendering longevity a multifaceted phenomenon. Even if a miraculous elixir or pill is not yet available, there is general agreement that nutrition has a major impact on the overall mortality and on the development of age-related chronic non-communicable diseases. Nutrition research has focused for decades on single nutrien…
SIMULATING DEMOGRAPHY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DYNAMICS
2014
[EN] A deterministic/stochastic model in which the demographic and the well-being subsystems of a country are involved and related is presented as a way to approach human development. The demographic subsystem is a side-by-side, single-gender, age-structured population dynamic model. The well-being subsystem states the dynamics of the United Nations Hybrid Human Development Index. The model has been validated in the case of Spain and Belgium. Some simulations have been performed with the model for the case of Spain in the 2009-2020 period to determine strategies and scenarios that could increase the life expectancy at birth per gender. Copyright © 2014 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
2018
Background Global development goals increasingly rely on country-specific estimates for benchmarking a nation's progress. To meet this need, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 estimated global, regional, national, and, for selected locations, subnational cause-specific mortality beginning in the year 1980. Here we report an update to that study, making use of newly available data and improved methods. GBD 2017 provides a comprehensive assessment of cause-specific mortality for 282 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2017. Methods The causes of death database is composed of vital registration (VR), verbal autopsy (VA), registry, survey…
Inappropriate evaluation of methodology and biases by P. Morfeld and T.C. Erren.
2020
IL-10 and TNF-α polymorphisms in a sample of sicilian patients affected by tuberculosis: implication for ageing and life span expectancy
2003
Abstract Human longevity seems to be directly correlated with optimal functioning of the immune system, suggesting that some genetic determinants of longevity might reside in those polymorphisms for the immune system genes that regulate immune responses, in particular cytokine gene polymorphisms. In fact, modification of cytokine network is a constant report in studies on age related modification of immune response. Moreover cytokine polymorphisms studies are indicating their involvement in the reshaping of cytokines network as an integral part of the scenario related to a successful ageing. A particular role might be attributed to the influence of cytokine polymorphisms on the efficiency o…
A Decision Support Tool for Appropriate Glucose-Lowering Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
2015
Contains fulltext : 152084.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: Optimal glucose-lowering therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus requires a patient-specific approach. Although a good framework, current guidelines are insufficiently detailed to address the different phenotypes and individual needs of patients seen in daily practice. We developed a patient-specific decision support tool based on a systematic analysis of expert opinion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA)/European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) 2012 position statement, a panel of 12 European experts rated the appropriateness (RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method) of tre…
Inflammation and Life-Span
2005
In their Review “Inflammatory exposure and historical changes in human life-spans” (17 Sept., p. [1736][1]), C. E. Finch and E. M. Crimmins reinforce earlier suggestions that many diseases and disabilities of older age have their roots in previous exposures to infectious agents and other sources
Blood group does not appear to affect longevity a pilot study in centenarians from Western Sicily.
2011
Centenarians are the best example of extreme human longevity, and they represent a selected population in which the appearance of major age-related diseases, such as cancer, and cardiovascular diseases among others, has been consistently delayed or escaped. The study of the long-lived individual genetic profile has the purpose to possibly identify the genes and the allelic variations influencing extended life expectancy, hence considering them as biomarkers of age-related diseases onset and development. The present study shows no significant differences between allelic variations of ABO blood groups among a group of centenarians from Western Sicily.
Vaccination greatly reduces disease, disability, death and inequity worldwide
2007
In low-income countries, infectious diseases still account for a large proportion of deaths, highlighting health inequities largely caused by economic differences. Vaccination can cut health-care costs and reduce these inequities. Disease control, elimination or eradication can save billions of US dollars for communities and countries. Vaccines have lowered the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and will control cervical cancer. Travellers can be protected against "exotic" diseases by appropriate vaccination. Vaccines are considered indispensable against bioterrorism. They can combat resistance to antibiotics in some pathogens. Noncommunicable diseases, such as ischaemic heart disease, c…